Skip to main content
Fumigation and treatment

Fumigation and treatment for export

Providers of quarantine fumigation and phytosanitary treatments for food and agricultural cargo: cold treatment, heat and vapour heat, methyl bromide, ISPM-15.

340 providers

Southeast Asia

View region →
A

Vietnamese fumigation firm based in Binh Duong providing ISPM 15 pallet treatment, heat treatment, container fumigation, and AFAS-standard fumigation for export goods. It treats agricultural products for domestic and export markets.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
Phytosanitary treatment practice license no. 046/KHKT/BVTV-KD (Vietnam Plant Protection Department)
2 facilitiesrice+11
C

Bangkok-based pest control and fumigation company serving commercial and export clients, providing methyl bromide and other fumigation treatments for cargo and wood packaging alongside general pest management services.

Fumigation
Fumigants registered with the Thai Department of Agriculture (ECO2FUME, Mirakn GX)
1 facilityrice+5
C

Thai sawmill and wood-packaging manufacturer near Bangkok operating its own DOA-approved ISPM-15 heat-treatment kiln, supplying export-compliant pallets and crating alongside its treatment service.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
IPPC mark TH-001Department of Agriculture certification+2
1 facilitywooden pallets+3
C

Surabaya-based fumigation and pest-control company, operating since 2006, that also provides export documentation, phytosanitary, and ISPM-15 services for exporters.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
F

Singapore pest management company licensed by the National Environment Agency to issue phytosanitary certificates. It uses methyl bromide treatments and fumigation for timber, flowers, agricultural produce, and other plant material intended for export.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
F

Singapore-based fumigation firm specialising in methyl bromide treatment. It performs ISPM 15 wood packaging fumigation, container fumigation, and ship fumigation to meet phytosanitary requirements for export cargo.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
G

Thai fumigation and pest-control contractor providing methyl bromide treatment and ISPM-15 wood packaging fumigation services for export cargo, operating from a facility in the greater Bangkok area.

ISPM-15 pallets
Registered wood packaging material producer, Thai Department of Agriculture (IPPC/ISPM15)
1 facilitywooden pallets+3
M

Singapore fumigation provider using methyl bromide, hydrogen phosphide, and hydrogen cyanide. It is accredited for ISPM 15 fumigation of timber and wood packaging and holds recognition from Singapore, Australian (AQIS), and Canadian authorities for export certification.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
O

Bangkok inspection and fumigation company, the largest overseas branch of the OMIC group, with over 250 staff. Fumigates cargo in vessel holds, containers, barges and stockpiles using methyl bromide and phosphine, and treats wood packaging to ISPM No.15. Accredited by AFAS and the Thai Department of Agriculture.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
AFAS (Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme, DAWR)Office of Agriculture Regulation, Department of Agriculture, Thailand
1 facilityrice+5
P

Bangkok fumigation and heat-treatment contractor for export cargo and wood packaging, running a methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide warehouse in Prawet plus a Rama IV head office. Holds Thai Department of Agriculture and Australian AFAS fumigation accreditation and IPPC marks TH-0373 MB and TH-0712 HT.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
Thai Department of Agriculture fumigation accreditationAFAS (Australia) fumigation accreditation+2
2 facilitiesfresh produce+2
P

Pest-control company based in Jakarta providing quarantine fumigation services for export and import container shipments, alongside residential and commercial pest control.

Fumigation
1 facility
P

Wood pallet and packaging manufacturer operating ISPM-15 heat-treatment (kiln-dry chamber) facilities in Karawang, Boyolali, and Gresik, serving exporters across Asia.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Fumigation and pest-control company based in Surabaya, Indonesia, providing ISPM 15 wood-packaging fumigation and agricultural commodity fumigation for export shipments.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
AFASID 150 (AQIS Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme for Indonesia)
1 facility
P

Pest-control company based in Jakarta offering ISPM 15 fumigation for wood pallets, containers, and ship holds for export and import shipments, alongside general pest control.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
P

Pest-control and fumigation company headquartered in Jakarta with branch offices in Semarang and Tangerang, registered by Indonesian quarantine authorities to perform methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation for export shipments through Tanjung Priok.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
3 facilities
P

Fumigation company based in Jakarta Utara offering export fumigation services and ISPM 15 wood-packaging marking and certification support.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
P

Medan-based pest control and fumigation company formed in 2017 from the merger of two predecessor firms, offering fumigation products and services for warehouses, containers, and export cargo.

Fumigation
1 facility
P

Pest-control and fumigation company based in Cirebon, West Java, providing ISPM 15 fumigation services for export wood packaging and holding AFASID accreditation.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
AFASID 0115 (AQIS Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme for Indonesia)
1 facility
P

Batam-based wood and timber products company (decking, pallets, packing boxes) that also provides ISPM-15 wood-packaging fumigation service; upgraded from CV to PT legal form.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

Thai manufacturer and service provider of wooden pallets and packaging, operating its own DOA-accredited ISPM-15 heat-treatment kiln for export wood packaging in addition to producing new and reconditioned pallets.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets+1
ISPM 15 heat treatment (IPPC mark)Department of Agriculture registration TH-0747 HT+1
1 facilitywooden pallets+2
V

Fumigation company based in Ho Chi Minh City offering methyl bromide fumigation, phosphine treatment, and ISPM 15 fumigation or heat treatment for wood packaging. It treats agricultural commodities such as rice, coffee, and spices, including consignments to Australia under AFAS requirements.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
IMFO memberAFAS certified (Australia)
11 facilitiesagricultural produce+5
A

Integrated facilities and pest management operator based at Logis Hub@Clementi, accredited by NParks to perform ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation of wood packaging and export commodities.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
A

Fumigation operator based at Gambas Crescent, accredited by NParks to carry out ISPM15 phytosanitary treatment of export commodities and wood packing material.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
B

AFAS accredited fumigation provider based in Kuching, Sarawak, treating cargo and commodities for export markets.

FumigationMethyl bromide
D

Provides structural, block, container van and vessel fumigation services for export cargo from its Quezon City base in Metro Manila.

Fumigation
E

Pest control and fumigation operator based at WCEGA Tower in Bukit Batok, accredited by NParks to conduct ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation for export shipments and wood packaging.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
I

Fumigation operator serving freight forwarders, shipping companies and food producers, providing ISPM15-compliant methyl bromide fumigation of wood packaging and export cargo from its Tagore Drive premises in Singapore.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
L

Pest control operator running container, ship and silo fumigation services from branches in Kuching, Sarawak and Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

FumigationMethyl bromide
M

Packaging materials manufacturer at Pandan Crescent offering fumigation and heat treatment of wooden crates and pallets to ISPM15 phytosanitary standards, alongside wooden pallet and stretch film production.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
M

AFAS accredited fumigation operator based in Kuching, Sarawak, serving Sabah and Sarawak export cargo treatment.

FumigationMethyl bromide
N

Ho Chi Minh City fumigation operator treating export containers, warehouses and ship holds to meet export cargo standards.

Fumigation
P

AFAS accredited fumigation operator based in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, treating export commodities and cargo consignments.

FumigationMethyl bromide
P

BPI-accredited heat treatment provider for wood packaging materials, ISPM15 compliant, with facilities in Laguna, Cebu and Davao.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

AFAS accredited methyl bromide fumigation provider treating export cargo and commodities from Kuching and Kota Kinabalu offices.

FumigationMethyl bromide
P

Medan fumigation operator treating export and import commodities including coffee, wood, rice and corn with phosphine and methyl bromide.

FumigationMethyl bromide
R

Pest control operator with AFAS accredited fumigation branches in Kuching and Kota Kinabalu treating export cargo.

FumigationMethyl bromide
R

Singapore operating entity of the international pest control group, accredited by NParks to carry out ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation of wood packing materials and agricultural export commodities.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
S

Licensed and accredited fumigator using phosphine and controlled-atmosphere treatments for export commodities such as grain, fruit and vegetables from Quezon City.

Fumigation
U

Operating since 1981, this pest management and logistics operator provides container and loose cargo export fumigation using methyl bromide and magnesium phosphide, with IPPC and ISPM15 compliance certification for shipping pallets and wood packaging.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
V

Fumigation operator based at Gambas Crescent in Singapore, accredited by NParks to perform ISPM15 phytosanitary treatment of export cargo and wood packing material.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
V

Ho Chi Minh City quarantine treatment provider running certified 150C heat treatment for rice bran products exported to South Korea.

Heat treatment
V

AFAS accredited fumigation provider based in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, treating commodities and cargo for export.

FumigationMethyl bromide
C

Chubu Shizai is a Nagoya Port-based industrial services group founded in 1949 whose pest-control division performs import plant and animal quarantine fumigation and export disinfection of Japanese agricultural products and timber, covering warehouse, silo, container, tarpaulin and ship fumigation plus heat treatment across Nagoya Port, Chubu Centrair Airport and eight other central-Japan ports.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
ISO 9001ISO 14001
1 facility
I

Ikeda Kogyo is a Kitakyushu-founded industrial group established in 1904 with a dedicated fumigation division manufacturing and applying phosphine and methyl-bromide fumigants for insect disinfection during import and export of grain, lumber and fresh produce, with branches nationwide.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
ISO 9001:2015 (fumigation division)
1 facility
S

Sendaiwan Kunjo is a fumigation operator at Shiogama Port, Miyagi, performing export and import plant-quarantine fumigation plus warehouse, silo, tarpaulin and ship-hold fumigation for pest and mold control, also serving logistics warehouses and cultural-property preservation clients.

FumigationMethyl bromide
T

Korea-headquartered company near Changwon (Gyeongsangnam-do, serving the Busan port area) providing ISPM15 heat treatment and pest-control processing for export wood packaging materials, including wooden pallets and crates.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment+1
Y

Incheon-headquartered port services company operating since 1975, providing import/export cargo fumigation and pest control alongside vessel mooring, water supply, security and marine pollution response services, with branch operations at multiple Korean ports.

Fumigation
A

Integrated facilities and pest management operator based at Logis Hub@Clementi, accredited by NParks to perform ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation of wood packaging and export commodities.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
A

Fumigation operator based at Gambas Crescent, accredited by NParks to carry out ISPM15 phytosanitary treatment of export commodities and wood packing material.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
C

Beijing-based biological pest-control company providing fumigation and quarantine treatment services, registered as a member of China's national quarantine treatment and biosafety industry association.

Fumigation
D

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator based in Gwangyang, providing fumigation treatment for agricultural exports and wood packaging inspected by Korea's quarantine authority.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
D

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator in Busan, performing methyl bromide fumigation of export goods and wood packaging materials for shipments moving through Busan port.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
E

Pest control and fumigation operator based at WCEGA Tower in Bukit Batok, accredited by NParks to conduct ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation for export shipments and wood packaging.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
G

Guangzhou-based cold-chain refrigeration technology company providing cold treatment services for temperature-sensitive import/export cargo such as fresh fruit, registered with China's national quarantine-treatment industry association.

Cold treatment
G

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator serving the Changwon and Gyeongnam region, providing methyl bromide fumigation for export shipments and wood packaging.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
H

Shenzhen quarantine treatment operator established in 2020 and approved by Shenzhen Customs (Class B/C/D qualifications) to fumigate imported cargo and transport vehicles, treat Chinese medicinal herbs, grain and legume shipments for pests, and disinfect ocean-going vessels and bulk cargo.

Fumigation
I

Fumigation operator serving freight forwarders, shipping companies and food producers, providing ISPM15-compliant methyl bromide fumigation of wood packaging and export cargo from its Tagore Drive premises in Singapore.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
I

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator in Busan, providing methyl bromide fumigation for export shipments and ISPM15 treatment of wood packaging material.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
K

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator based in Busan, providing fumigation treatment for containerized export cargo and wood packaging material at Busan port.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
K

Yokohama based fumigation operator founded in 1955 that performs plant and animal quarantine fumigation at ports and airports, including warehouse, silo and container fumigation, and disinfects export wood packaging to ISPM15 requirements for overseas markets.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
K

Tokyo headquartered operator founded in 1948 handling plant and animal quarantine fumigation at ports, airports and warehouses, and running a dedicated wood heat treatment center in Kanazawa ku, Yokohama that disinfects export packaging to ISPM15 heat treatment and methyl bromide standards.

FumigationHeat treatment+2
K

Kaohsiung port area container logistics and CFS warehouse operator that also holds official government certification as a licensed ISPM 15 heat treatment provider for export wood packaging material.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
L

Tainan based wooden crate and pallet manufacturer that performs ISPM 15 heat treatment in house and coordinates methyl bromide fumigation with partner contractors for export wood packaging leaving Taiwan.

FumigationHeat treatment+2
L

Dalian-based quarantine treatment operator, part of the Liaoning Quarantine Treatment Group network, providing fumigation and pest-control treatment services for import/export cargo moving through the port of Dalian.

Fumigation
M

Packaging materials manufacturer at Pandan Crescent offering fumigation and heat treatment of wooden crates and pallets to ISPM15 phytosanitary standards, alongside wooden pallet and stretch film production.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
N

Nanjing-based pest-control and quarantine fumigation treatment provider for import/export cargo and storage facilities in Jiangsu province, registered with China's national quarantine-treatment industry association.

Fumigation
N

Kobe based disinfection and pest control operator located near the port area that carries out fumigation work, including treatment relevant to quarantine requirements for cargo moving through Kobe port.

Fumigation
N

Ningbo-based technical service company providing quarantine fumigation and pest-control treatment for import/export cargo moving through the port of Ningbo.

Fumigation
P

Licensed plant quarantine disinfection operator based in Busan, providing fumigation and wood packaging treatment services for agricultural and general export cargo.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
P

Government-registered plant quarantine disinfection operator in Gwangyang, treating export agricultural cargo and wood packaging with methyl bromide fumigation under Korea's Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency system.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
R

Singapore operating entity of the international pest control group, accredited by NParks to carry out ISPM15 phytosanitary fumigation of wood packing materials and agricultural export commodities.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
R

Changhua based industrial packaging manufacturer founded in 2006 that supplies wooden pallets, quick crates and custom crating to semiconductor, automation and automotive exporters, and provides quarantine heat treatment for its wood packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
S

Shanghai-based fumigation and disinfection service provider and registered member of China's national inspection and quarantine association's Quarantine Treatment and Biosafety Branch, serving import/export cargo quarantine treatment needs.

Fumigation
S

Shanghai (Qingpu District) fumigation and disinfection company established in 2017, registered for fumigation, pest-control and sterilisation services alongside entrusted import/export timber inspection and measurement work.

Fumigation
S

Fumigation and disinfection service operator founded in 2002 and based in Baoshan District, Shanghai; holds Customs-issued entry-exit quarantine treatment qualifications (Classes A through D), an export wood-packaging pest-control treatment marking (IPPC) qualification, a Shanghai hazardous-chemicals business licence, and ISO 9001 certification.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
S

Shenzhen-based health-quarantine service company providing fumigation and pest-control treatment for import/export cargo and transport vehicles moving through the port of Shenzhen.

Fumigation
S

Taichung based wood packaging treatment operator certified by Taiwan's Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, applying ISPM 15 methyl bromide fumigation and heat treatment to export pallets and crates for shipments bound to the US, Canada and Australia.

FumigationHeat treatment+2
T

Kobe based quarantine and pest control operator headquartered on Port Island that provides fumigation and disinfection services, including treatment work tied to plant quarantine requirements for goods moving through the port of Kobe.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
T

Tianjin port-based hygiene and quarantine technology service company providing fumigation and pest-control treatment for cargo and vessels calling at the port of Tianjin.

Fumigation
T

Tainan branch of US packaging group Transpak providing custom crating, packaging and warehousing with ISPM 15 compliant heat treated and fumigated wood crates for exporters shipping high value or oversized goods out of Taiwan.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
U

Operating since 1981, this pest management and logistics operator provides container and loose cargo export fumigation using methyl bromide and magnesium phosphide, with IPPC and ISPM15 compliance certification for shipping pallets and wood packaging.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
V

Fumigation operator based at Gambas Crescent in Singapore, accredited by NParks to perform ISPM15 phytosanitary treatment of export cargo and wood packing material.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
W

Gwangyang branch of a licensed plant quarantine disinfection provider, performing methyl bromide fumigation and wood packaging treatment for cargo exported from Gwangyang port.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
Z

Zhengzhou-based pest-control and quarantine fumigation treatment company serving import/export cargo and storage facilities in Henan province, registered with China's national quarantine-treatment industry association.

Fumigation

South Asia

View region →
A

Aakash Enterprise is a Vadodara-based export packaging company offering ISPM-15 heat treatment and export fumigation of wooden pallets and crates alongside its wooden packaging manufacturing.

Heat treatmentFumigation+1
A

Wood packaging heat treatment facility at Hasan Alipur, Roorkee, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-499 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
A

Wooden pallet and crate manufacturer on Udyog Marg, Kaithal, trading since 1986 and listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-280 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
A

Wooden pallet, box and crate manufacturer offering methyl bromide fumigation and heat treatment of wood packaging. Accredited by India's NPPO under ISPM-15 marks IN-258 MB at IMT Manesar and IN-165 HT at Khushkhera, Bhiwadi.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
AFAS 258020514
2 facilities
B

Fumigation agency at Haldouni, Greater Noida, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-591 MB.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
1 facility
B

Base Fumigation Pvt Ltd is a Gujarat-based ISPM-15 and container fumigation company headquartered in Rajkot, operating dedicated branch offices at Mundra and Gandhidham to serve export traffic through the Kandla, Mundra and Pipavav port cluster.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
B

Wooden pallet manufacturer on Gangapur Road, Rudrapur, listed on India's NPPO register of certified ISPM-15 heat treatment facilities under mark IN-546 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
B

Fumigation and pest management company with a branch at Kaushambi, Ghaziabad and a registered office in East Delhi. Accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-514 MB and under AFAS.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
AFAS (Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme)
1 facility
C

Choudhary Wooden Packers is a New Delhi-based export packaging company offering ISPM-15 heat-treated wooden pallets and fumigation of wooden export boxes, operating from two facilities in west Delhi.

Heat treatmentFumigation+1
C

Wood packaging manufacturer at Kasna, Greater Noida listed on India's NPPO register of certified ISPM-15 heat treatment facilities under mark IN-267 HT. Treats pallets, crates and boxes for export consignments.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
E

Mumbai fumigation agency accredited under NSPM 12 by India's Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage. It provides ISPM 15 methyl bromide fumigation of containers, warehouses, ships, and wood packaging material for export shipments.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
2 facilities
E

India-based fumigation company established in Kolkata offering methyl bromide fumigation, phosphine fumigation, and ISPM 15 heat treatment. It is accredited under India's NPPQS and the Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme and treats food grains, oil seeds, pulses, spices, and timber for export.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
4 facilities
F

Wood packaging heat treatment facility on Jatal Road, Panipat, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-516 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
F

Fumigation Services Pvt Ltd is an Indian fumigation company founded in 1984, registered in Chennai with 16 branches at Indian seaports and inland container depots. It performs cargo, storage and ship fumigation, ISPM-15 wood packaging treatment, and assists exporters with phytosanitary certification.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
NPMA (USA) member since 1990Audited by ACHETA UK; awarded certificate of excellence
6 facilitiesChilli+4
G

Vadodara (Gujarat) sawmill and wooden-pallet manufacturer, operating as a partnership firm since 1982, that manufactures ISPM-15 heat-treated and fumigated wooden pallets on-site — a treatment-capable facility in a Gujarat city (Vadodara) distinct from the Ahmedabad-based operators already in the directory.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment+1
G

Wood packaging heat treatment facility on Ansal Road, Panipat, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-453 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
H

Mumbai-based provider offering ISPM 15 fumigation and heat treatment, methyl bromide, and phosphine treatment plus phytosanitary certificates. It treats crop commodities such as rice, wheat, spices, and pulses along with wooden crates and pallets for export to markets including the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and the EU.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
1 facility
I

Indian Pest Management, operating as IPM Care, is a Haridwar-based pest management company offering ISPM-15 fumigation of wood packaging material for export shipments, run from a network of local offices across Uttarakhand and neighbouring states.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
I

Fumigation agency in Sector 63, Noida, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-508 MB, with an AFAS number for Australian-bound consignments.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
AFAS IN PQ 0690413
1 facility
J

Jai Bharat Packers is a Mumbai-based export packaging company providing ISPM-15 fumigation of wooden pallets, crates and boxes with fumigation certificates, operating from its Chembur facility.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
L

Pune-based container fumigation and cargo-securing (lashing/stuffing) provider offering ISPM-15 treatment for export wood packaging and shipping containers.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
O

Ocean Pest Control is a Thoothukudi (Tuticorin), Tamil Nadu-based pest-control company offering vessel and cargo fumigation with methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide, including fumigation of bulk vessels carrying commodities such as rice, wheat and maize, with a second office in Chennai.

FumigationMethyl bromide
rice+3
P

Panipat Pest Control is a Haryana-based pest control company offering export fumigation certified to ISPM-15 and NSPM-12 standards, including methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide treatments, from its Panipat facility.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets+1
P

Fumigation and pest management company with a branch on Old Surajpur Kasna Road, Greater Noida, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-159 MB.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
1 facility
P

Fumigation provider based in Ghaziabad, India, licensed by the Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage. It performs methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide fumigation and ISPM 15 treatment for agricultural commodities, foodstuff, timber, and wood packaging for export and import.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
ISO 9001:2015
P

Fumigation and industrial pest management company with a branch office in Ambala City, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-228 MB and under AFAS.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
AFASIN228011107
R

Wooden pallet manufacturer at Giaspura, Ludhiana, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-231 HT. Also produces EPAL pallets and pallet collars.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

Saw mill at Bhud, Baddi, listed on India's NPPO register of certified ISPM-15 heat treatment facilities for wood packaging material under mark IN-540 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

Wood packaging heat treatment facility in the Roz-Ka-Meo Industrial Area at Nuh, Haryana, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-547 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

Wood packaging heat treatment facility in Sector Ecotech-III, Greater Noida, listed on India's NPPO ISPM-15 heat treatment register under mark IN-444 HT.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
V

Fumigation agency at Sarafa Bazar, Ambala City, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-535 MB.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
1 facility
V

Fumigation and pest management firm at Alpha-I, Greater Noida, accredited by India's NPPO for methyl bromide fumigation under ISPM-15 mark IN-162 MB. Established 2006.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
1 facility
W

WPM Engineering LLP is an Ahmedabad, Gujarat-based manufacturer of wooden pallets, boxes, crates and plywood boxes that also runs an in-house fumigation and heat-treatment line for ISPM-15 export wood-packaging compliance, using methyl bromide (MBR) and aluminium phosphide (ALP) treatments.

FumigationHeat treatment+2
ISPM 15
1 facility

Australia and New Zealand

View region →
A

Vietnamese fumigation firm based in Binh Duong providing ISPM 15 pallet treatment, heat treatment, container fumigation, and AFAS-standard fumigation for export goods. It treats agricultural products for domestic and export markets.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
Phytosanitary treatment practice license no. 046/KHKT/BVTV-KD (Vietnam Plant Protection Department)
2 facilitiesrice+11
C

Biosecurity handling and fumigation coordination facility for import and export cargo, based in Western Sydney.

Fumigation
Freshcare
D

Melbourne-based operator of a DAFF-accredited fumigation facility in Laverton North. It offers methyl bromide, sulfuryl fluoride, ethyl formate, and heat treatment for import and export cargo, including BMSB seasonal treatments and phytosanitary export support.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
1 facility
D

Mango grower and exporter operating a vapour heat treatment plant for fruit fly disinfestation of export mangoes in North Queensland.

Vapour heat
mangoes
D

Dock Fumigation is a Melbourne-based mobile freight fumigation company working on imported cargo, accredited for QPS fumigations under approved arrangement number V3128. It treats 20- and 40-foot shipping containers, timber and logs, fabrics, furniture, and vehicles, operating 24 hours a day.

FumigationMethyl bromide
AFAS accredited for QPS fumigations, approved arrangement V3128
E

Fumigation provider based in Sunshine, Victoria and approved by Australia's Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. It performs methyl bromide container and tarp fumigation for import and export biosecurity, servicing Melbourne, Sydney, and Brisbane.

FumigationMethyl bromide
Health Department licensed and accredited; national member, Australian Environmental Pest Managers Association
E

India-based fumigation company established in Kolkata offering methyl bromide fumigation, phosphine fumigation, and ISPM 15 heat treatment. It is accredited under India's NPPQS and the Australian Fumigation Accreditation Scheme and treats food grains, oil seeds, pulses, spices, and timber for export.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
4 facilities
F

Australian export fumigation company holding DAFF Biosecurity Approved Arrangement Class 12.1 and 12.2. It provides methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation for timber, wood packaging, bulk grain and seed, and containerised export commodities.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
G

Biosecurity treatment provider operating across New Zealand and Australia. It offers methyl bromide and sulfuryl fluoride container fumigation, ISPM 15 treatment, fruit and log fumigation, and BioVapor heat treatment for import and export risk goods.

FumigationHeat treatment+2
BMSB Fumigations approved for Class 12.1 and 12.2
1 facilityShip bunkers
G

Sunraysia (Merbein South) family-owned table grape and citrus grower-packer-exporter, trading as GrapeCo/Hellooo, registered for onshore cold treatment of export produce.

Cold treatment
table grapes+1
G

Robinvale (Sunraysia) family farming business growing table grapes, asparagus and citrus, with over 20,000 square metres of its own cold-room storage registered for onshore cold treatment and sulfur dioxide/carbon dioxide fumigation of export grapes.

Cold treatmentFumigation
G

Fifth-generation Goulburn Valley (Shepparton) grower-packer running its own coolstore facility and DAFF-registered onshore cold treatment for pear, apple and stone fruit exports.

Cold treatment
pears+2
H

Brisbane-area fruit and vegetable exporter operating its own purpose-built Vapour Heat Treatment plant and a DAFF-registered packing facility used for pre-shipment methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural exports.

Methyl bromideVapour heat
HARPSFreshcare+2
mangoes
J

Perth (Welshpool/Perth Airport) arm of global freight forwarder JAS Worldwide, operating a DAFF-approved, customs-bonded, temperature-controlled facility near Perth International Airport and Fremantle Ports registered for pre-shipment methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural exports.

Methyl bromide
DAFF approvedCustoms bonded (77G)+1
L

Produce logistics division of Lindsay Australia providing storage, ripening, quarantine inspection, and fumigation services for import, export, and interstate cargo at the Brisbane Markets.

Fumigation
DAFF Registered Establishment (Export) - Q2290
M

Singapore fumigation provider using methyl bromide, hydrogen phosphide, and hydrogen cyanide. It is accredited for ISPM 15 fumigation of timber and wood packaging and holds recognition from Singapore, Australian (AQIS), and Canadian authorities for export certification.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
M

Melbourne Fumigation is a licensed fumigation company based in Laverton North, Melbourne, operating under an approved arrangement with the Australian government's agriculture department as an authorised treatment provider. It handles container and sheeted fumigation and brown marmorated stink bug seasonal measures for imported and exported goods.

Fumigation
V

Cold storage and export logistics operator providing onshore and in-transit cold treatment and methyl bromide fumigation for horticultural exporters in Victoria's Goulburn Valley.

Cold treatmentMethyl bromide+1
stone fruit
V

Fumigation company based in Ho Chi Minh City offering methyl bromide fumigation, phosphine treatment, and ISPM 15 fumigation or heat treatment for wood packaging. It treats agricultural commodities such as rice, coffee, and spices, including consignments to Australia under AFAS requirements.

FumigationMethyl bromide+2
IMFO memberAFAS certified (Australia)
11 facilitiesagricultural produce+5
W

Freight forwarder providing bonded warehousing, cold storage, and fumigation services for import and export cargo.

Fumigation

Latin America

View region →
A

Grain fumigation provider using aluminum phosphide for stored grain in silos, warehouses, rail hopper cars and ship holds, based in Culiacán, Sinaloa, with reported presence at the Port of Topolobampo.

Fumigation
C

Cargo Control is a Mazatlán-based company founded in 1997 offering cargo inspection and fumigation services at the port of Mazatlán, registered with Mexico's phytosanitary authority to apply methyl bromide and phosphine treatments to export cargo.

Methyl bromideFumigation
1 facility
E

Mango operation near Rosario, Sinaloa, certified by Mexico's Dirección General de Sanidad Vegetal to provide hot water phytosanitary treatment for mango exported to Japan.

Heat treatment
1 facilitymango
F

Fumigación y Sanidad Fitopecuaria de Baja California is a Mexicali-based company registered with Mexico's phytosanitary authority to apply methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation to agricultural export cargo at the Baja California border.

Methyl bromideFumigation
1 facility
F

FUFIESA is a Mexican company founded in 1995 in Matamoros, Tamaulipas, providing methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation for bulk cargo and containers at export ports including Tapachula and Veracruz.

Methyl bromideFumigation
1 facility
F

Fumigaciones y Control de Plagas del Caribe is a Sonora-based company registered with Mexico's phytosanitary authority to apply methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation to export cargo passing through Nogales.

Methyl bromideFumigation
1 facility
G

Grupo IFISA manufactures heat-treated wooden pallets and export packaging certified under NIMF-15 and NOM-144 from its own sawmill and assembly operations in Chignahuapan, Puebla, serving exporters that need ISPM-15 compliant wood packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
L

Mango packing operation in Rosario, Sinaloa, certified by Mexico's Dirección General de Sanidad Vegetal to provide hot water phytosanitary treatment for mango exported to Japan.

Heat treatment
1 facilitymango
M

Fumigation and pest control company based in Manzanillo, Colima, authorized by PROFEPA for urban fumigation, disinfection and pest control, and compliant with NOM-144-SEMARNAT-2017 covering wood packaging used in international trade.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
P

Proveesa Agro is a Tamaulipas-based company registered with Mexico's phytosanitary authority to apply methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation to agricultural export cargo at Reynosa and Nuevo Laredo.

Methyl bromideFumigation
1 facility
T

Wood pallet and industrial packaging manufacturer near Durango offering NIMF-15 certified heat treatment (HT) and kiln-dried wood for national and international export packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
A

Headquartered at BR 471 Km 121.7 in Santa Cruz do Sul, this operator fumigates containers, canvas chambers, ship holds and hermetic silos with MAPA registered fumigant gases across Rio Grande do Sul, also serving tobacco processing clients.

Fumigation
A

Agroindustrias del Tropico S.A. operates a mango packing house and hydrothermal hot water treatment plant with ten treatment tanks at kilometer 214 on the highway to Champerico in Retalhuleu, Guatemala. The plant has been registered by MAGA and PIPAA and approved for fruit fly quarantine treatment of export mango since 2017.

Heat treatment
A

Argentine stored-grain fumigation company with more than 45 years in operation, applying controlled phosphine gasification in silos, containers, ships and grain bags, and following the BPAGA stored-grain good-practices protocol from its facility in Granadero Baigorria near Rosario.

Fumigation
B

BHT Control de Plagas operates phosphine gas fumigation for grain silos, bagged storage and maritime containers from its Guayaquil base, serving food, feed and export sectors with more than fifteen years in pest and quarantine treatment.

Fumigation
B

Big Control Group Services Ltda has been accredited by SAG since 2013 as a Tercero Acreditado for methyl bromide fumigation, phosphine fumigation, destruction and disinfection of regulated import and export goods, operating nationally from offices in Arica, Iquique, Antofagasta, Valparaiso, Santiago and San Antonio.

FumigationMethyl bromide
B

Blucontrol Ecuador S.A., based in Guayaquil, holds Agrocalidad and ARCSA accreditation and applies quarantine fumigation treatment to stored products in silos, warehouses and shipping containers for exporters and importers.

Fumigation
C

Carval del Ecuador Carvalecsa S.A., a Guayaquil industrial supplier established in 2018, applies NIMF15 heat treatment above fifty six degrees Celsius for more than thirty minutes to European format wood pallets used in export packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
C

Control Union Peru S.A.C. operates from Av. Petit Thouars 4653 in Miraflores, Lima, and is a SENASA authorized phytosanitary treatment operator under authorization 006-2018-MINAGRI-SENASA-DSV-SCV, providing phosphine and methyl bromide fumigation, spraying and nebulization for export cargo including fruit fly host commodities such as mango and citrus.

FumigationMethyl bromide
D

Operating at Praia do Caju 135 in Rio de Janeiro under MAPA registration BR-RJ 035, this company fumigates containers, hermetic silos, ship holds and canvas chambers and issues NIMF 15 (ISPM 15) phytosanitary certification with 24 hour service.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
D

SENASA-authorized pallet manufacturer and NIMF-15 (ISPM-15) heat treatment facility founded in 2008, based in La Lima adjoining San Pedro Sula, Cortes, with official HT stamp code HN-044-HT for new and used export pallets.

ISPM-15 pallets
E

Ecofor Ambiental operates methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation for import and export cargo from its facility at Av. Colon 3815 in Talcahuano, using sealed containers adapted as fumigation chambers and also providing residual gas measurement inside containers.

FumigationMethyl bromide
E

EDDAM S.A. is a SENASA registered phytosanitary fumigation operator based at Av. Miguel Grau 1224 in Callao, authorized under number 012-MINAGRI-SENASA-DSV-SCV for phosphine fumigation, spraying and nebulization of grain and wood cargo for import and export containers.

Fumigation
E

Founded in 2012 and based in Sao Jose dos Campos, this pest control company added phytosanitary treatment in 2022, applying portable chamber heat treatment to wooden packaging in compliance with NIMF 15 and ISPM 15, and is the only MAPA registered treatment provider in the Vale do Paraiba region.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
F

SENASAG-authorized fumigation company (registration No. 07-7599) headquartered at Calle Colon No. 758 in Santa Cruz de la Sierra with branches in San Matias and Puerto Suarez, providing industrial fumigation of grain warehouses and phytosanitary fumigation of wood packaging for export.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
F

FumiGroup Ingenieria S.A.S is based in Bogota and fumigates stored grain and other stored agricultural products using aluminum or magnesium phosphide gasification, adjusting treatment to infestation level, product condition and storage temperature and humidity readings taken with specialized equipment.

Fumigation
F

Pest control and fumigation company headquartered at Juan de Salazar 363 in Asuncion, registered with DIGESA under N ECP-090-8-18, providing fumigation and disinfection services for port, warehouse and container facilities nationwide.

Fumigation
F

Fumigation company treating stored grain in silos, bag silos, barges and warehouses across Paraguay using phosphine gas fumigation for stored product pest control.

Fumigation
F

Integrated pest management and fumigation company based in Tegucigalpa with over 15 years of operation, holding ISO 9001:2015, HACCP and ISO 22000 credentials for insect, rodent and mite control and disinfection services to businesses.

Fumigation
F

Fumoccsa is a pest control and fumigation company based in Guatemala City with more than 20 years of experience, providing warehouse and stored product fumigation against weevils, flour moths and beetles alongside gasification services, and is a member of AGRECOPIA and NPMA.

Fumigation
G

Industrial wood packaging manufacturer based in Rio Oro, San Jose province, with 20 years of experience, producing NIMF-15 (ISPM-15) certified heat-treated pallets and crates with export phytosanitary seals for international shipments.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
G

Grupo DYMAP S.C.C. is a Quito area timber company founded in 1992 that holds Agrocalidad certification for thermal heat treatment of wood pallets and export packaging at its Machachi factory south of the city.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
I

Pest control and fumigation company founded in 2014, located at Av. Santos Dumont 6to Anillo, Calle San Juan de Dios No. 14 in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, holding SENASAG, SEDES, INSO, environmental licence and hazardous substances registrations, and operating a pest-control heat-mapping management platform.

Fumigation
I

Inspectorate Services Peru S.A.C., part of the Bureau Veritas group since its 2010 acquisition, operates a SENASA authorized phytosanitary treatment unit at Av. Elmer Faucett 444 in Callao under authorization 011-AG-SENASA-DSV-SCV, running phosphine fumigation, spraying, nebulization, immersion and dusting treatments for export shipments.

Fumigation
I

Buenos Aires based export-fumigation provider treating containers, trucks and rail cars with methyl bromide or phosphine as required by destination markets, plus aluminum and magnesium phosphide tablet treatment of bulk grain with 36 to 48 hour exposure cycles, serving the City of Buenos Aires and Greater Buenos Aires.

FumigationMethyl bromide
M

MADEPAL SAS operates an ICA authorized ISPM 15 thermal treatment facility at Palmaseca near Palmira, Valle del Cauca, heating export wood packaging such as pallets, bobbins and spools to a required core temperature of 56 degrees Celsius for 30 continuous minutes. Founded in 1994 and registered as MADEPAL SAS in 2008, it holds ISO 9001 certification.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
M

Wood packaging manufacturer in Rio Oro, Santa Ana, San Jose province, with over 25 years in the business, producing ISPM-15 (NIMF-15) heat-treated pallets and export crates with phytosanitary export certification, serving shipments to more than 45 countries.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
N

NSF INASSA S.A.C., the Peruvian disinfection and fumigation unit acquired by NSF International in 2013, operates from Av. La Marina 3035 in San Miguel, Lima, and holds SENASA authorization 013-MINAGRI-SENASA-DSV-SCV for phosphine fumigation, spraying and nebulization of shipments and stored product.

Fumigation
P

Wood packaging heat treatment provider in Capiata authorized by SENAVE, INTN and SEAM, treating pallets to ISPM 15 standard at 56 degrees Celsius with automated temperature monitoring and FAO-IPPC aligned certificates.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
P

Pallets Xpress manufactures pine and Saman wood pallets and export crates from its Duran, Guayas facility, and holds Agrocalidad wood packaging registration code EC-G 159 for NIMF15 compliant export marking.

ISPM-15 pallets
P

Palmera Junior SAS operates pest management and fumigation services at Buenaventura's port facilities, covering warehouses, containers and docks, and also treats stored grain against weevils. The company holds ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 45001 and ISO 22000 certifications and reports more than 28 years in operation.

Fumigation
P

Plagastop, based at Camino Los Carros 1826 in the Parque Industrial Ejercito of Concepcion, is SAG authorized (registration 2732/2021) for methyl bromide and phosphine container fumigation of export and import cargo, vessel spraying, and incineration of untimbered ISPM 15 dunnage wood.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
P

Fumigation and expurgo provider based at the Port of Paranagua, treating containers, silos, warehouses and ship holds with round the clock service for cargo in transit.

Fumigation
Q

Based in Porto Alegre at Voluntarios da Patria 2709, this operator fumigates silos, warehouses and containers with aluminum phosphide for stored grains including rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, oats, malt and barley, and issues export certification.

Fumigation
R

Operating since 1994 from Estrada BR 116 Km 395 in Camaqua, Rio Grande do Sul, this company performs phosphine and methyl bromide fumigation of grain, wood and derivatives and issues NIMF 15 phytosanitary certification for wooden packaging serving southern Brazil.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
R

Stored-grain fumigation specialist offering hermetic fumigation of bagged grain, pallets and bulk loads for ports, processing plants and temporary storage, operating a 65 HP industrial vacuum unit for silo, conveyor and warehouse cleaning against weevil infestation.

FumigationMethyl bromide
R

Restrepo Gomez S.A.S. provides container and warehouse pest control across Colombia's Caribbean coast, with stated coverage in Barranquilla, Santa Marta and Cartagena. The company holds HACCP, NPMA, ISO, Good Manufacturing Practices and AIB certifications and is subject to Supertransporte oversight.

Fumigation
R

Founded in 2007 and headquartered in Rio Grande, this fumigation operator treats containers, tarpaulin chambers, ships and silos, and holds GAFTA, FOSFA and ISO 9001, 14001 and 45001 certification with offices in Paranagua, Santos and Belem.

Fumigation
S

OIRSA's Servicio Internacional de Tratamientos Cuarentenarios operates quarantine methyl bromide fumigation for plant and animal origin cargo and containers at the port of Manzanillo, Colon province, Panama, where a bromide recapture system was installed in August 2018.

Methyl bromide
S

SGS del Peru S.A.C. runs a phytosanitary fumigation service out of Av. Elmer Faucett 3348 in the Bocanegra industrial zone of Callao, registered with SENASA under authorization 019-MINAGRI-SENASA-DSV-SCV for phosphine fumigation, spraying, nebulization and immersion treatments on export cargo.

FumigationMethyl bromide
S

Headquartered in Santos at Rua General Camara 141, this provider performs heat treatment of wood packaging at 56 degrees Celsius for 30 minutes, methyl bromide and phosphine fumigation, CO2 fumigation and ship pest inspection, coordinating condemned wood destruction with MAPA.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
T

Argentine post-harvest grain fumigation company operating fumigation chambers with phosphine gas injection for exporters and importers, in business more than 10 years, holding GAFTA-approved-fumigator status, with facilities in Rosario and Córdoba Capital.

Fumigation
T

Terminales Graneleras Uruguayas provides grain fumigation as part of its terminal services at its Nueva Palmira, Uruguay facility, alongside temperature monitoring, independent ventilation, cleaning, drying and laboratory analysis for bulk grain and byproduct cargo.

Fumigation
T

Argentine wooden pallet and export-crate manufacturer operating a SENASA-approved in-house heat-treatment facility applying the ISPM-15 (NIMF 15) standard to eucalyptus saligna pallets and packaging, in continuous operation for more than 22 years from Benavidez, Buenos Aires province.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
S

South African fumigation company based in Durban and registered with the Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. It provides phosphine and methyl bromide fumigation and ISPM 15 certification for grains, seeds, nuts, spices, dried and fresh fruit, and wood packaging.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
A

Addis Ababa based fumigation company treating shipping and cargo, manufacturing, warehousing, milling and agricultural clients against stored product pests, including treatment of shipping containers imported through port.

Fumigation
A

Provides fumigation services for cargo containers and stacked food commodities in warehouses, alongside general pest control, from its Kigali base, serving exporters and traders who need commodities and shipping containers treated against pests before export.

Fumigation
B

Baywash Group runs a pest control and fumigation division based in Walvis Bay serving food manufacturing and export facilities, performing fumigation in accordance with SANS 10204 and 10206 standards alongside HACCP and ISO 22000 aligned procedures.

Fumigation
B

Nairobi-based manufacturer of wooden pallets for sea and air export, including tea and avocado shipment specifications, with all pallets heat treated to the ISPM15 international phytosanitary standard for wood packaging.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
B

A freight forwarder with a Zambian branch (established 2001) that operates an in-house and mobile fumigation department in Lusaka, treating agricultural export cargo and issuing phytosanitary clearance certificates on behalf of Zambia's Department of Agriculture, with a secondary warehouse and rail siding in Ndola.

Fumigation
D

Zimbabwe's longest-operating fumigation company, founded in 1974, specializing in methyl bromide fumigation of export tobacco against beetle and moth pests, plus commercial and domestic pest control from its Milton Park base in Harare.

FumigationMethyl bromide
E

Pest control and commodity protection company founded in 2003, providing quarantine fumigation of agricultural export commodities in trains, trucks, ships and containers using methyl bromide and aluminium phosphide, plus ISPM15 heat treatment of wooden pallets, crates and boxes at its KATRESS facility in Borg Al Arab, Alexandria, under Agriculture Quarantine Authority supervision.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
E

Ethiopia's first full-service pest control company, established in 1969, offering fumigation services for importers and exporters to treat cargo, shipping containers and storage facilities before shipment, alongside general pest and termite control.

Fumigation
F

Pest control and fumigation company established in Mozambique in 2003, providing fumigation of tobacco, cotton, groundnuts, maize, wheat, coffee and cashew nuts for export and storage, alongside integrated pest management and hygiene services, with branches in Maputo, Beira, Tete and Nacala.

FumigationMethyl bromide
F

Nairobi-based, PCPB-licensed and KEPHIS-compliant agricultural fumigation company offering pre-shipment fumigation with methyl bromide, aluminium phosphide and magnesium phosphine for cut flowers, fresh fruits and vegetables, plus post-harvest grain, seed and cereal storage fumigation for Kenya's horticultural export sector.

FumigationMethyl bromide
G

Wood pallet and packaging manufacturer located on Route Had El Gharbia Chorf Alaqb near Tangier, close to the Tangier Free Zone and Tanger Med port area. Offers heat treatment (HT) of wooden pallets, crates and palox bins to meet ISPM15 international phytosanitary standards for export packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
H

A fumigation company operating since 1995 that provides bag, silo and container fumigation for export cargo as well as warehouse, structural and termite treatment services, based in the Johannesburg and Pretoria area with nationwide reach.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
J

Ghana based pest management company providing stock fumigation of bagged grains in warehouses and bulk grain in silos or ship holds using phosphine gas, alongside marine and shipboard fumigation services.

Fumigation
K

Nairobi-based pallet manufacturer producing wooden and plastic pallets for export, applying KEPHIS-accredited ISPM15 heat treatment (56C for 30 minutes) to timber and stamping compliant pallets with the IPPC-KE-013 mark for exporters and logistics operators.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
L

A fumigation contractor operating since the 1980s that treats export cargo, shipping containers, grain and vessel holds using aluminium phosphide, sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide, alongside structural and industrial pest control, from branches in Durban and Johannesburg.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
M

Kampala based pest control and fumigation company incorporated in 2019, offering warehouse, commodity, and container fumigation along with disinfection services to private and public sector clients.

Fumigation
N

Maritime and industrial services company operating for over 25 years across Algeria's major ports, providing phytosanitary fumigation and ISPM15 heat treatment against insects and pests for cereals, dried vegetables, dates, wood and tobacco.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
P

Wood pallet and packaging manufacturer operating since 2013 in the Larache region of northern Morocco, approved by the regional Plant Protection service of the Ministry of Agriculture to produce and mark export wooden packaging under the ISPM15 (NIMP15) standard using thermal treatment, with capacity for up to 1000 treated pallets per day.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Kenyan fumigation company providing full container fumigation for 20ft and 40ft containers, spot fumigation and pre-shipment treatment at the Port of Mombasa and Nairobi Inland Container Depot, using methyl bromide and phosphine under KEPHIS and ISPM15 compliance with certified documentation.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
P

A Dar es Salaam pest control operator providing phosphine and methyl bromide gas fumigation for warehouses, export containers and wood packaging, serving exporters needing pre shipment cargo treatment.

FumigationMethyl bromide
P

Commercial fumigation provider serving Harare and Bulawayo offering tobacco beetle, export container, silo and stack fumigation for agricultural commodities and export compliance rather than only residential pest control.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
P

Phyto Center is an ISO 9001 certified pest control and fumigation company operating in Abidjan and San Pedro for over thirty years, providing insect control, rodent control, disinfection and fumigation services to major exporters of coffee, cocoa, cashew and cotton in Cote d'Ivoire.

Fumigation
Q

COCOBOD subsidiary responsible for inspection, grading and sealing of cocoa, coffee and sheanut, including fumigation and disinfestation of produce and storage sheds across Ghana's cocoa growing districts before export.

Fumigation
R

Rentokil Boecker operates a Nigeria branch based in Ikeja, Lagos, offering commercial pest control and fumigation services including phosphine and warehouse fumigation used for stored grains, nuts, and cocoa ahead of export or storage.

Fumigation
R

Local office of the international pest control group offering fumigation services for commercial and agricultural warehousing facilities, targeting stored product pests in trade and export related storage operations.

Fumigation
R

The Tanzania branch of the global Rentokil Initial pest control group, providing fumigant gas treatment for shipping, cargo, manufacturing, warehousing and milling businesses to protect grain and bulk commodities such as cocoa, rice, nuts, dried fruit, coffee beans and animal feed from stored product insects.

Fumigation
R

The South African operating arm of the international Rentokil pest control group, providing export and commodity fumigation using phosphine, sulfuryl fluoride and methyl bromide to meet SAQIS and ISPM15 export requirements, with dedicated fumigation teams operating out of its Durban, Cape Town and Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha) branches.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
R

Pest control company operating in Uganda from a Kampala base, providing commercial fumigation services for shipping and cargo, warehousing, milling, and agricultural businesses.

Fumigation
S

Moroccan subsidiary of the SGS inspection, testing and certification group, headquartered in Casablanca. Provides fumigation and pest management services for agricultural and traded goods including cargo and wood packaging, supporting phytosanitary compliance such as ISPM15 for export shipments.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
S

SGS is an international inspection and certification group operating in Nigeria from Apapa, Lagos, providing fumigation and pest management for agricultural commodity supply chains, including cocoa and cashew nut export shipments, issuing fumigation certificates alongside its cargo inspection services.

Fumigation
S

The Tanzania arm of the global inspection and certification group SGS, providing fumigation of bagged and bulk agricultural commodities such as cereals, cocoa, coffee, peanuts and pulses in silos and warehouses, plus methyl bromide treatment of cargo, containers and vessels and ISPM15 wood packaging certification.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
S

Moroccan wood packaging manufacturer operating since around 1998 in Ksar-El-Kebir, near the Tanger Med free trade zone, producing pallets, palox bins and wooden crates. All export product lines are heat treated in the company's own high temperature kilns to meet ISPM15 (NIMP15) phytosanitary marking requirements for international shipments, and the company is ISO 9001 certified.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
T

Kenyan pest control and fumigation company offering gas, solid and liquid fumigation of stored products, grain, warehouses and containers, alongside a dedicated horticulture division that exports fresh fruit, vegetables and cut flowers to the European Union.

FumigationMethyl bromide
T

A DAFF-registered pest control and fumigation company serving the shipping and export sector since 1978, providing ISPM-15 certified treatment of shipping containers, silos, palletised and crated commodities from a Tzaneen branch in the Limpopo citrus growing region.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
Z

Wood packaging manufacturer in Ouzra, Mornag, Ben Arous that provides heat treatment (HT) of wooden pallets and crates to meet ISPM15 phytosanitary export packaging standards, noting methyl bromide fumigation is prohibited in Tunisia.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets

North America

View region →
A

A&I Pallets is a Los Angeles pallet and wood-packaging supplier, in business since 1996, that provides ISPM-15 certified heat-treating services for export compliance.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
A

Florida pest control and fumigation company operating since 1977 whose quarantine division fumigates imported perishable cargo at Miami International Airport and the Port of Miami under a USDA compliance agreement. It uses patented mobile refrigerated fumigation chambers converted from reefer containers and also supports ISPM-15 and phytosanitary certification.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
USDA compliance agreement
1 facility
A

USDA-certified fumigation contractor on the Houston Ship Channel that treats quarantined import commodities held by US Customs and prepares export cargo. Work includes methyl bromide container and tent fumigation, ISPM 15 wood-packaging treatment and marking, Australian pre-border treatment and agricultural equipment cleaning.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
ISPM 15 Wood Packaging Program accreditationAUSTREAT pre-border treatment provider (Australia)+1
2 facilities
A

American Fumigation Corp. provides marine and container fumigation services from its Oakland facility, listed under Marine Fumigation Services in the Port of Oakland's official seaport service directory.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
A

Family-owned fumigation contractor founded in 1981, treating import and export cargo at the Port of Savannah and across coastal Georgia. Services cover container, warehouse, silo, cotton and distillers-grain fumigation, plus US Customs and Border Protection compliance work such as steam cleaning, seed removal and supervised incineration.

Fumigation
1 facilitypeanuts+8
C

Chicago Pallet Recycling heat-treats wood pallets and dunnage to a minimum 56C core temperature at its South Side Chicago plant to meet ISPM-15 export requirements, stamping compliant pallets with permanent IPPC marks and issuing phytosanitary treatment documentation for exporters.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
E

Produce cold storage and repacking facility in Glassboro, New Jersey offering forced-air cooling and certified cold treatment rooms that meet USDA cold treatment standards, holding Organic and Primus GFS certifications.

Cold treatment
Primus GFSOrganic Certified
1 facilityfruit+3
G

USDA-certified quarantine treatment facility in Long Beach serving the ports of Los Angeles, Long Beach and Hueneme and Los Angeles International Airport. Services include methyl bromide fumigation of sealed containers and tarped cargo, ISPM 15 treatment of wood packaging, sulfuryl fluoride fumigation and BMSB treatment for Australian and New Zealand exports.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
USDA compliant fumigation facilitiesCBP approved treatment facilities+2
2 facilities
G

Marine terminal in Gloucester City, New Jersey, operated by Gloucester Terminals LLC as part of the Holt group of Philadelphia-area port and warehouse companies, offering stevedoring, refrigerated and dry warehousing, and fumigation services for perishable and break-bulk cargo.

Fumigation
Bonded Facility
1 facilityperishable cargo+1
H

Houston-area pest control company that performs commercial fumigation of buildings, semi-trailers, rail cars, ship holds, and cargo containers across the Greater Houston-Galveston metro.

Fumigation
K

National pallet manufacturer and recycler whose South Florida (branded 'Miami') facility produces new, reconditioned, and ISPM-15 certified heat-treated wood pallets for export shipping, plus pallet recycling and total pallet management services.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
M

Singapore fumigation provider using methyl bromide, hydrogen phosphide, and hydrogen cyanide. It is accredited for ISPM 15 fumigation of timber and wood packaging and holds recognition from Singapore, Australian (AQIS), and Canadian authorities for export certification.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
M

Family-owned cold storage and logistics company operating temperature-controlled warehouses near Kennett Square, Pennsylvania and in Pedricktown, New Jersey, offering cold treatment services for foodstuffs and produce alongside repacking and refrigerated freight distribution across the Northeast, Midwest and Mid-Atlantic.

Cold treatment
Bonded warehouse
1 facilityfresh produce
N

Fresh produce importer and distributor operating a warehouse at MidAmerica St. Louis Airport in Mascoutah, Illinois that provides USDA-approved cold treatment and fumigation services alongside forced-air cooling, short- and long-term storage, and blueberry packing lines.

Cold treatmentFumigation
GFSI certified
1 facility
P

Seattle fumigation company whose sealed vacuum chamber facility is used to meet Washington State Department of Agriculture and USDA import/export fumigation requirements for goods shipped to and from foreign countries.

Fumigation
P

Seattle fumigation and pest-prevention company whose fumigation division operates a sealed vacuum fumigation chamber used for Washington State Department of Agriculture and USDA import and export requirements. It also performs off-site fumigations and arranges drayage and transloading to and from local piers.

Fumigation
1 facility
P

Deep-water marine terminal in Wilmington, Delaware, operated by Enstructure, with USDA-approved cold treatment facilities for table grapes and deciduous and citrus fruit, post-fumigation rapid-cooling chambers, controlled-atmosphere warehousing, and fumigation services for perishable shipments.

Cold treatmentFumigation
1 facilitytable grapes+2
P

Philadelphia produce company operating NANCO Cold Storage, a USDA-certified cold treatment facility on the Delaware River waterfront that also holds certified-organic storage and repacking status.

Cold treatment
Certified Organic storage and repacking facilityUSDA certified Cold Treatment Facility
1 facilityfruits and vegetables+3
S

Container terminal operator inside the Port of Los Angeles/Long Beach complex offering USDA/APHIS commodity fumigation plus cargo storage and handling for import/export shipments.

Fumigation
T

The PEST Group is a Southern California pest control company with a dedicated Los Angeles branch office (Van Nuys) offering commercial tent fumigation alongside warehouse and stored-product pest management.

Fumigation
U

Ultimate Pest Control operates an off-port fumigation facility near the Port of Savannah with capacity for 250 containers, providing USDA-certified fumigation of import/export cargo.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
U

Performs USDA/APHIS quarantine and phytosanitary container fumigation for import and export shipments (grain, seed, fruit) serving the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach from a warehouse facility in Gardena, California. Certified by the California, Gardena, and Long Beach agriculture departments.

Fumigation
A

Wood pallet manufacturer and repair company in Salt Lake City that provides ISPM-15 heat treatment for export pallets, treating wood packaging to the required 56 degree Celsius core temperature for international shipping compliance.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
A

Pallet supplier in Phoenix operating since 2004 that provides heat treated export pallets meeting ISPM-15 requirements, helping shippers select pallets that meet destination country wood packaging regulations.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
A

Family owned pest control company operating since 1981 across California and Northern Nevada, offering commodity fumigation services in compliance with USDA, FDA and US Customs regulations for international imports and exports, with an operating branch in the Reno area.

Fumigation
A

Methyl bromide fumigation operator serving import produce arriving at the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, with facilities in West Long Beach and San Pedro, California; the company has operated under permit in the harbor area for over three decades.

FumigationMethyl bromide
A

Cold storage and produce ripening operator running a 156,000 square foot third-party logistics facility in Vineland, New Jersey, providing refrigerated storage, handling, distribution and controlled-atmosphere ripening for fruit imports, and listed by USDA as an APHIS-certified cold treatment site.

Cold treatment
B

Cold storage and treatment operator in Pittsgrove, New Jersey, offering USDA-certified cold treatment, fumigation, forced air cooling and produce repacking across more than 100,000 square feet of refrigerated warehouse space near the Port of Philadelphia and Port of New York and New Jersey.

Cold treatmentFumigation
C

Pallet manufacturer in Brookfield, Massachusetts operating an ISPM-15 compliant heat treatment chamber, treating both its own pallets and wood packaging brought in by outside customers for mandatory export heat treatment.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
D

Family-operated pest control and fumigation company founded in 1959, based in Nogales, Arizona, specializing in produce and commodity fumigation for the Nogales port of entry, one of the largest fresh produce import gateways from Mexico into the United States.

Fumigation
D

Wooden pallet manufacturer in Watertown, Connecticut, producing ISPM-15 compliant heat-treated pallets for export and food-grade applications, delivering across Southern, Central, Western and Eastern Connecticut.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
F

Fumigation operator serving the New Orleans area of Louisiana, listed in the Port of Greater Baton Rouge official fumigation and pest control directory as a commodity fumigation service provider.

Fumigation
G

Fumigation operator based near Savannah, Georgia offering export container, breakbulk cargo and bulk stack fumigation for softwood and hardwood logs, wood chips, lumber and grain, staffed by licensed fumigation technicians coordinating with USDA.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
H

Automated pallet manufacturing facility in Summerville, South Carolina near the Port of Charleston, producing block, stringer and custom pallets with ISPM-15 heat treatment and EPAL certification for export-bound shipments across the Southeast.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
I

Industrial fumigation operator with a Baton Rouge, Louisiana branch and Texas locations, fumigating shipping containers, ships, barges and structures for the food and commodity export trade.

FumigationMethyl bromide
K

Multi-temperature cold storage warehouse operator based in the Pureland Industrial Complex in Logan Township, New Jersey, with over 12 million cubic feet of refrigerated and frozen capacity, listed by USDA as an APHIS-certified cold treatment facility handling produce, meat, seafood and other perishable cargo.

Cold treatment
N

Locally owned pallet supplier and recycler in Charlotte, North Carolina, stocking IPPC ISPM-15 stamped, heat-treated pallets with certified export documentation for international shipments, with next-day delivery across the Charlotte metro area.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
N

Pallet supplier and recycler in Norfolk, Virginia, offering ISPM-15 compliant heat-treated pallets with export documentation for international shipments, alongside pallet recycling, restoration and delivery across the Hampton Roads region.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
P

Licensed and accredited wood packaging heat treatment facility in Lexington, North Carolina, treating and marking solid wood packaging for ISPM-15 export compliance to destinations including the European Union, China and Australia.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
S

Agricultural fumigation operator serving the Savannah, Georgia port area, specializing in log fumigation for export and peanut fumigation for the Savannah, Brunswick, Jacksonville and Charleston markets.

FumigationMethyl bromide
S

Family-owned commercial-only pest management company headquartered in Tacoma, Washington, providing commercial and commodity fumigation services including export container and warehouse fumigation across branch offices in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Nevada, Utah and Arizona.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
A

Alpha Fumigation Services is a Framlingham, Suffolk-based fumigation company, established in 2011, that treats grain cargo, ship holds, and shipping containers using phosphine gas.

Fumigation
British Pest Control Association (BPCA) memberInternational Maritime Fumigation Organisation (IMFO) member
1 facility
A

French wood-crating and container-stuffing company operating since 1950, with sites in Marseille, Avignon and Marignane/Vitrolles, that treats its wood packaging to meet the NIMP15 phytosanitary regulation and issues treatment certificates.

ISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
C

Command Pest Control Limited is a Suffolk-based pest control company that provides phosphine gas fumigation of stored grain and bulk food commodities for agricultural, warehouse and shipping customers across East Anglia, a treatment distinct from ISPM15 heat treatment of wood packaging.

Fumigation
1 facility
C

Control Union Pest Management B.V. provides phosphine fumigation of bulk agricultural commodities and vessel disinfection services from its Rotterdam office, and is Gafta-approved for fumigant application.

Fumigation
Gafta-approved fumigator
1 facility
E

Eco Worldwide Solutions B.V., trading as EWS Group, fumigates containers, wood logs and stored commodities against insects at its facility in Maasvlakte, Rotterdam, using sulfuryl difluoride gas.

Fumigation
1 facilitywood logs
E

Ecopalette E2SE manufactures and heat-treats wood pallets to NIMP15 (ISPM15) standard for export, from a production site in Firminy and a storage and logistics site in Monistrol-sur-Loire, Loire.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
E

Edwards & Ross Pallets Limited, trading as Pallet Recycling South Wales (PRSW), is a Welsh pallet recycling and packaging company that operates a heat-treatment kiln at its Corporation Road site in Newport to treat wood packaging to ISPM15 standard, alongside pallet refurbishment, shredding and freight-forwarding services.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
ISO 9001 (accredited April 2021)
1 facility
E

Export Case Company Limited is a timber export-packaging manufacturer that states it operates a 10,000 sq ft facility in Caerphilly, South Wales, producing ISPM15-compliant timber packing cases and describes itself as a member of the UK Wood Packaging Material Marking Programme.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
E

Export Packing Services Ltd, also trading as Precision Packing Co, is a Slough-based export casemaker that builds ISPM-15 heat-treated timber cases for shipments leaving the UK.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
F

Fumico Bio and QPS Services B.V. fumigates wood packaging, wood logs and containers with sulfuryl fluoride gas at its terminal in Botlek Rotterdam and is registered with the SMHV as an ISPM 15 treatment facility.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
SMHV registered treatment facility (Behandelaar), registration no. 248
1 facility
G

Gasmeetstation Nederland BV operates a fumigation and heat treatment terminal at its container depot on the Maasvlakte in Rotterdam, offering ISPM-15 heat treatment, phosphine and sulfuryl fluoride fumigation for containers, wood packaging and food cargo.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
1 facility
G

Gendis operates a wood drying and ISPM-15 heat treatment plant in Gendringen with steam, high temperature and high efficiency chambers, and is registered with the Wood Marking Foundation to apply the ISPM 15 stamp NL 076.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
J

James Kingan and Sons Limited is a Scottish sawmill and timber merchant based at Townhead Sawmill, New Abbey, Dumfries, that operates its own kiln to heat-treat pallet timber to ISPM15 standard under wood-packaging marking number FC0189, alongside sawn timber, fencing and pressure-treatment services.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
ISO 9001:2008, Certificate number FM 26811
1 facility
J

John Gordon & Son Limited is a Scottish sawmilling company based in Nairn, in the Highlands, that kiln-dries and heat-treats pallet wood to ISPM15 standard (KD/HT 56/30) in its own kilns, alongside sawn fencing, carcassing and other softwood timber products.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
1 facility
J

John Pipe International is a UK export packing and freight forwarding company established in 1961, registered as John Pipe Limited, operating packing premises in Poole, Dorset and Eastleigh, Hampshire near Southampton.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
ISO 9001
1 facility
N

Nicklin Transit Packaging Limited is a Wednesbury-based transit packaging manufacturer that states on its own site it was the first company in its industry to supply ISPM15-compliant pallets and timber packaging, holding UK Wood Packaging Material Marking Programme registration FC0001.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
ISPM15 registration FC0001
2 facilities
P

French pallet recycling and repair company that operates an ISPM15 treatment kiln at its Fos-sur-Mer site in the Marseille-Fos port complex, with an additional active site in Marseille itself.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
P

PGS Den Doelder Westdorpe is a Zeeland-based pallet trader, producer and SMHV-registered wood packaging treatment provider operating from Westdorpe, part of the international PGS Group.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
P

PKF/POST Venlo B.V. manufactures wooden pallets and heat-treats wood to the ISPM 15 standard for intercontinental export at its Venlo production site, registered as a treatment facility with the SMHV.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
SMHV registered treatment facility (Behandelaar), registration no. 022
1 facility
R

RecyFlex heat-treats wood pallets above 70 degrees C for at least three and a half hours to meet NIMP15 export requirements, operating from sites in La Ferte-Saint-Aubin and Salbris in the Centre-Val de Loire region.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
R

Rhonalpal heat-treats wooden pallets to the ISPM15 standard at four kiln sites in southeast France: its Saint-Priest headquarters, Andrézieux-Bouthéon, Portes-lès-Valence and Cavaillon.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
R

Rowlinson Packaging (South) Ltd is a timber packaging manufacturer based in Thetford, Norfolk, part of the Rowlinson Group, producing wooden pallets that are heat treated to meet ISPM15 export requirements.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
ISO 9001ISO 14001+1
1 facility
R

Rungis Palettes provides NIMP15 (ISPM15) heat treatment for wood pallets from its facility in Fleury-Merogis, Ile-de-France, alongside pallet purchase, sale and recycling services.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
S

Sodipal operates a certified ISPM15 heat-treatment facility for wooden pallets in Lespinasse near Toulouse, using conventional preheating combined with microwave finishing.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

Stadium Export Services is a Gateshead-based export packing and freight company, formerly registered as Stadium Packaging Ltd, that heat treats its timber to meet international ISPM15 standards for worldwide export.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
S

French custom wood-crating company based at Paris-Orly airport, near Rungis, that has built export packaging for sensitive and oversized goods since 1983 and offers NIMP15/ISPM15-compliant wood crates.

ISPM-15 pallets
T

TBO is a sawmill and pallet manufacturer in Riaille, Loire-Atlantique, operating its own NIMP15 heat treatment cell for export pallets and crates.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
V

Verbrugge Zeeland Terminal B.V. handles and fumigates wood logs and containers at its terminal in Vlissingen, with capacity for shipments of up to 50,000 CBM of wood logs and at least 1,000 containers per week.

Fumigation
1 facilitywood logs+1
W

Container terminal in the port of Rotterdam-Botlek operating a licensed gas detection and degassing facility, jointly run with Suurd Gas Control, offering container fumigation and de-fumigation services.

Fumigation
W

Wells & Root Ltd is a Leicester-based freight forwarder and export packer, established in 1922, that manufactures ISPM15-conformant, heat-treated timber export cases and pallets.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
W

Wihamij is a pallet supplier headquartered in Zevenbergen that performs its own wood-fired ISPM-15 heat treatment on site and is registered with the Stichting Markering Houten Verpakkingen to apply the IPPC mark.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
W

Willpack Ltd is a timber packaging manufacturer in Rowley Regis, West Midlands, that supplies packing cases, pallets and corrugated cartons and states on its own site that it operates an in-house heat treatment facility registered with the Forestry Commission for ISPM15 wood packaging compliance.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
1 facility
A

A Gdynia pest control operator describing itself as one of the oldest disinfection, disinsection, and deratization firms in Poland, specializing in export container fumigation and ISPM-15 heat treatment of wooden packaging, and a member of the International Maritime Fumigation Organisation.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
A

Antwerp packaging and freight support provider certified under ISPM-15 for wood packaging material, based at the port area on Oosterweelsteenweg.

ISPM-15 pallets
A

Athens-based fumigation operator that treats export shipping containers and wood cargo shipments, issuing accompanying export certificates, alongside general pest, rodent and disinfection services across Attica and the Greek islands.

Fumigation
A

Antwerp manufacturer of wooden crates, pallets, and packaging for maritime and air freight, certified under ISPM-15 for treated wood packaging material.

ISPM-15 pallets
B

Thessaloniki-based pest control operator that fumigates shipping containers, loaded vessels, grain silos and warehouses with phosphine gas, registered in Greece's GEMH business registry and holding pest control license number 9596 issued in 2014.

Fumigation
B

Wood protection and fumigation company based in Lauf an der Pegnitz that treats timber, buildings and export round logs nationwide using sulfuryl fluoride, nitrogen and hot air, including work on protected heritage structures.

FumigationHeat treatment
B

Belgian export packaging specialist in Merksem-Antwerp that manufactures custom wooden crates and ISPM-15 certified packaging for overseas container and air shipments, with two warehouses near the port.

ISPM-15 pallets
B

A Bydgoszcz plywood manufacturer operating since 1914, producing softwood and hardwood plywood under ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, and holding Polish government authorization for ISPM-15 heat treatment of wood packaging material.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
C

Performs export fumigation of shipping containers and ship holds, and provides ISPM-15 heat treatment and certification of wooden pallets and export packaging, operating from sites in Gostynin, Mogilno, and Opoczno in Poland.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
C

Fumigation and pest control company founded in 1954, operating from the ports of Livorno and La Spezia; treats shipping containers, timber and food commodities, and certifies wood packaging to the ISPM-15 standard.

FumigationISPM-15 pallets
C

Ireland's largest timber pallet manufacturer, headquartered in Mountrath, Co. Laois, operating separately NSAI-licensed ISPM-15 heat-treatment kilns at its own manufacturing plants in Laois, Dublin, Limerick and Mayo, heating wood packaging to a core temperature of 56 degrees Celsius for at least 30 minutes.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
C

Performs container and export fumigation using phosphine and sulfuryl fluoride, and provides ISPM-15 heat treatment and certification of wooden pallets, crates, and packaging for international shipment, with its registered office in Warsaw.

FumigationHeat treatment+1
D

Sawmill in Hellbuhl, canton Lucerne, sourcing exclusively Swiss roundwood to produce construction timber, lath goods, and packaging materials, and providing standards-compliant ISPM 15 heat treatment of wood packaging so products can clear phytosanitary checks on export shipments.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
D

Naples-based pest control and fumigation company with more than 30 years in operation, performing certified container fumigation for import and export cargo such as grain, tobacco and tomato at the ports of Naples, Bari and Genoa.

Fumigation
D

Antwerp wood importer and wholesaler at the port's Ketelhof timber wharf, certified under ISPM-15 for wood packaging material and stocking FSC labelled timber types.

ISPM-15 pallets
E

Thessaloniki pest control company that fumigates shipping containers, cargo vessels, grain silos, factories, warehouses and trucks with phosphine gas to control wood-boring and stored-product insects, with a second branch serving Kilkis.

Fumigation
F

Fumigation and pest control provider based in Puzol, Valencia province, Spain, offering quarantine and pre-shipment treatment for goods before export and Brown Marmorated Stink Bug compliance fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride under authorization number AEI ES4005SB.

Fumigation
F

Fumigation and pest control company based near Vendas Novas, treating containers, ships, warehouses, silos and wood with phosphine and sulfuryl fluoride gas under international phytosanitary measures, and offering thermal shock heat treatment as a chemical free alternative.

FumigationHeat treatment
G

Family-owned pallet manufacturing and recycling company based in Cork, supplying new heat-treated pallets certified under NSAI ISPM15 guidelines, alongside pallet recycling, crating and waste collection for businesses across the Munster region, and holding a registered waste collection permit and facility permit.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
G

Family-owned sawmill in Eschenbach, canton St. Gallen, that processes regional spruce and fir timber into crates, pallets, and boards, and is a registered member of the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment's control scheme, providing ISPM 15 heat treatment of sawn timber and wood packaging for export shipments.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
H

Certified ISPM-15 wood packaging manufacturer based in Ballyhaunis, Co. Mayo, operating two on-site kilns under NSAI license number 005 to heat treat pallets and timber to the international phytosanitary standard used for export packaging, without use of chemical fumigation.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
H

Sawmill and wood packaging manufacturer in Zeulenroda-Triebes that heat-treats pallets and crates in its own drying chamber to meet IPPC/ISPM-15 export requirements, issuing treatment certificates in German or English.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
J

Fumigates sea containers and other export and import cargo with phosphine, hydrogen cyanide and sulfuryl fluoride from licensed sites in Bremen and Hamburg, also serving the ports of Bremerhaven, Sulingen and Wilhelmshaven.

Fumigation
K

Family-owned wood packaging company in Aadorf, canton Thurgau, with over a century in business, producing transport crates and pallets for road, air, and sea freight that are heat treated to meet ISPM 15 phytosanitary standards for export packaging.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
L

Operates a licensed sulfuryl fluoride container fumigation site in the Port of Hamburg, fumigating export sea containers several times a week for shipments to Australia, New Zealand and Asia.

Fumigation
M

Sawmill and pallet manufacturer based in Oliveira do Hospital, producing wood pallets, crates and packaging from pine, eucalyptus and poplar, with DGAV certified ISPM-15 heat treatment (HT) for export and intra-EU wood packaging compliance.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
M

Cork-based pallet, packaging and warehousing group, formerly trading as Mid Cork Pallets and Packaging, operating ISPM-15 certified heat-treating and kiln-drying facilities audited by the National Standards Authority of Ireland, with capacity to heat treat and kiln dry up to 70,000 pallets per week from its Cork and Meath sites.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
N

Fumigation and pest control company operating in the Port of Genoa since the early 1900s, treating export wood packaging, shipping containers, and food commodities with phosphine gas under authorization from the Genoa Port Authority.

Fumigation
P

Wood pallet and packaging manufacturer in Mos, Pontevedra province, Spain, registered with Spain's Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries as pallet recovery operator number 0039, applying ISPM-15 heat treatment at 56 degrees Celsius for at least 30 minutes on export packaging.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
P

Wood pallet, crate and packaging manufacturer based in Amor, Leiria district, registered with Portugal's Ministry of Agriculture (registration PT 4745) to perform ISPM-15 heat treatment (HT) of pallets and packaging in its own kiln.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Pallet manufacturer and recycler based in Torrejon de Ardoz near Madrid, Spain, authorized under registration with Spain's Ministry of Agriculture to apply and mark ISPM-15 heat treatment on wooden pallets and packaging over 6 millimeters thick before export.

ISPM-15 palletsHeat treatment
P

Pallet producer and repairer in Hof am Leithaberge, Lower Austria, part of the family-run Wintergroup. Operates two drying chambers that give EPAL and UIC pallets IPPC heat treatment, marked with the IPPC stamp on the center block before export.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Manufactures and supplies new and used wooden pallets, including Euro, industrial, and IPPC-marked pallets, and holds Polish government authorization for ISPM-15 heat treatment of wood packaging, based in Poznan with its own transport and warehouse facilities.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Wood pallet collection, classification, repair and reconditioning company established in 1998, registered with DGAV as an authorised Economic Operator to perform ISPM-15 heat treatment (HT) in its own kiln, and the exclusive Portuguese handling partner for pallet pooling operator LPR Portugal since 2017.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Irish-owned pest control company based in County Cork, serving the Republic of Ireland, offering container fumigation for export cargo in addition to general commercial and domestic pest control services, as described in a client testimonial from a Cork transport operator on its own site.

Fumigation
P

Austrian subsidiary of pallet manufacturer PGS Group, based in Mauer bei Amstetten, Lower Austria. Produces, reconditions and pools wooden pallets, with the group naming ISPM15 heat treatment among the drying and treatment methods used in production.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Wood pallet and packaging producer in St. Sebastian, Launsdorf, Carinthia. Certifies its solid wood pallets with the HT-IPPC-ISPM 15 heat treatment stamp for international goods movement and holds an EPAL production license (EPAL code A-006).

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
P

Fumigates containers and ships for import and export cargo and treats stored commodities in silos, operating six locations across northern Germany including a Hamburg headquarters and a Bremen office.

Fumigation
R

Spanish operating unit of the international pest control group Rentokil Initial, authorized to fumigate loose cargo and 20 and 40 foot shipping containers with phosphine gas, to quarantine treat infested merchandise entering Spain, and to issue fumigation certificates for customs at import and export.

Fumigation
r

Pallet trading, repair and rental company in Olbernhau that heat-treats wood pallets and packaging to ISPM-15 standard in its own kiln chambers, reaching a 56 degree Celsius core temperature for 30 minutes, serving Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
R

Spanish pest control and fumigation provider founded in 1982, offering container and maritime vessel fumigation with phosphine and methyl bromide, agri-food and port merchandise treatment, and Brown Marmorated Stink Bug compliance treatment, with branches across mainland Spain.

FumigationMethyl bromide
R

Pest control and fumigation company based in Ravenna, treating bulk grain and providing certified phosphine, insecticide and carbon dioxide fumigation of import and export shipping containers at the Port of Ravenna.

Fumigation
R

Portuguese subsidiary of the pan-European Rotom pallet and packaging group, manufacturing wood pallets on an automated production line at its Nazare plant with in-house ISPM-15 heat treatment kilns, and operating a second warehouse in Maia near Porto.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
S

Terminal and logistics operator inside the customs area of the Port of Gioia Tauro, offering container fumigation and remediation services alongside refrigerated storage for fresh fruit cargo.

Fumigation
S

Wood pallet producer, trader and recycler based in Alfeizerao, Alcobaca, that installed thermal shock treatment equipment to offer third party ISPM-15 heat treatment of pallets and wood packaging under DGAV requirements for export from Portugal.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
T

A Gdansk sawmill producing structural timber, wooden houses, and joinery, authorized since 2004 for ISPM-15 heat treatment of wood packaging under Polish phytosanitary requirements, serving domestic and export customers.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
W

Wood packaging manufacturer in Attikon, canton Zurich, building custom crates, plywood boxes, and cushioned interior fittings for industrial shipments, using ISPM 15 heat-treated timber and plywood so packaging clears phytosanitary checks on international export.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
W

Pallet and wood packaging manufacturer in Schupbach, canton Bern, producing EPAL and specialty pallets, boxes, and frames, and holding an ISPM 15 Betriebszulassung (operational approval) for heat treatment of wood packaging used in export shipments.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets

Middle East

View region →
A

Wood packaging and pallet manufacturer in the Ataturk Organized Industrial Zone, Cigli district of Izmir, operating since 1986 as Altinok Tarim ve Orman Urunleri Sanayi ve Ticaret Limited Sirketi. Holds an ISPM-15 wood packaging heat treatment and marking authorization plus an EPAL Euro pallet license and ISO 9001:2015 certification.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets
E

Pest control and fumigation company headquartered in Suleymanpasa, Tekirdag, operating nationwide across Turkey since 2009. States it is authorized by Australia's Department of Agriculture and Water Resources, certificate TR4013SB, for methyl bromide fumigation of export containers and break bulk cargo, and also services heat-treated wooden pallets. Tekirdag is not on this wave's in-scope city list, so no city is set for this listing.

FumigationMethyl bromide+1
E

Istanbul-based pest control and fumigation operator headquartered in Kartal, founded in 2004. Holds an authorization from the Turkish Ministry of Health's Border and Coastal Health Directorate for fumigation of ships and customs areas, and offers methyl bromide treatment for import and export containers.

FumigationMethyl bromide
P

Fumigation operator based in Tuzla, Istanbul, serving ships, warehouses, silos, wooden export packaging and containerized cargo. Runs a four-step process of inspection, treatment planning, fumigation and follow-up for exporters and industrial clients.

Fumigation
Y

Wood packaging and pallet producer based in the Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone near Mersin, supplying wooden crates and pallets used in the citrus export trade. Holds an active ISPM-15 wood packaging heat treatment and marking authorization from Turkey's Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry under registration TR-0022 HT. No live company website was found, so this listing relies on the official government register plus independent corroboration of its Tarsus OSB address.

Heat treatmentISPM-15 pallets

Do you provide fumigation or treatment?

List your fumigation or treatment service with Fernable. It is free, and exporters browse it to find approved providers meeting quarantine rules.

This is an independent listing compiled from public information. Listings are not endorsements, and Fernable has no commercial affiliation with the providers listed.

Common questions

Do fumigation and treatment providers also issue the phytosanitary certificate?

No. Fumigation and treatment providers carry out the physical treatment and issue a treatment certificate or log showing what was done, but the phytosanitary certificate itself is issued by the national plant protection organisation or an accredited inspection body, listed under inspection and certification. The treatment record is usually submitted to that body as supporting evidence when the certificate is applied for, so the two steps are sequenced together but performed by different providers.

Is methyl bromide fumigation still allowed?

It depends on the jurisdiction and the use. Methyl bromide is controlled under the Montreal Protocol as an ozone-depleting substance, and many countries have restricted or phased out its general agricultural use while still permitting it for quarantine and pre-shipment purposes, including ISPM 15 wood packaging treatment, under specific conditions. Check the current rules for both the exporting and destination country before assuming it is available, since restrictions have been tightening and vary by market.

What is the difference between cold treatment and heat treatment?

Cold treatment holds produce at a specified low temperature for a set number of days, usually in a refrigerated container or facility, to kill pests like fruit fly without chemicals. Heat treatment, including vapour heat treatment, does the opposite: it raises the produce's core temperature to a target level for a set time. Which one applies depends entirely on the destination market's import protocol for that commodity, and on whether the fruit tolerates cold or heat better without quality loss.

Does every wooden pallet need ISPM 15 treatment?

Wood packaging material used in international trade, including pallets, crates and dunnage, generally needs ISPM 15 treatment, heat treatment or methyl bromide fumigation, and the IPPC stamp before it crosses a border, with narrow exemptions for certain manufactured wood products and very thin material. This applies to the packaging itself, separately from any treatment requirement on the goods it carries, so a shipment can need both a treated pallet and a treated product.

Can treatment happen after the container is loaded and sealed?

For fumigation, yes: container fumigation is a standard method, with the gas applied and the container sealed for the required exposure period before or shortly after departure. For cold treatment, it commonly happens in-transit inside a reefer container running a continuously logged protocol for the full voyage, which is why the shipping line's temperature monitoring capability matters as much as the treatment provider. Heat treatment is more often done before loading, since it needs equipment the container itself does not have.

What records should I keep after treatment is completed?

Keep the full treatment certificate and, where relevant, the underlying data: the temperature or heat log against time for cold and heat treatment, or the gas type, dosage and exposure period for fumigation, plus the ISPM 15 mark reference for treated wood packaging. These are usually referenced on or submitted alongside the phytosanitary certificate, and several destination markets or auditors may ask for the raw log rather than the summary certificate if a consignment is queried on arrival.

What this category covers

Fumigation and treatment providers apply post-harvest, pre-export processes to raw or packed produce so it satisfies the phytosanitary and quarantine conditions of the destination market. That covers fumigation with methyl bromide or phosphine, cold treatment and heat treatment, including vapour heat, applied to fresh fruit and vegetables to kill pests such as fruit fly at specific life stages, and ISPM 15 treatment of wood packaging material, pallets and dunnage. The common thread is that a regulated process changes the biological or physical state of the goods or their packaging, and that process is recorded and certified.

What sits outside this category matters just as much. These providers do not issue the phytosanitary certificate itself: that is the job of the national plant protection organisation or an accredited inspection body, listed separately under inspection and certification. They also do not manufacture or supply the pallets, crates or packaging the treatment is applied to, that is packaging suppliers. A fumigation provider might stamp a pallet once it has been treated, but the pallet itself, and any pre-shipment quality inspection, sits with a different provider entirely.

When you need one

You typically bring in this category at one of two points. The first is upstream and structural: if you export on wooden pallets, crates or dunnage, ISPM 15 treatment has to happen before that material enters your packing line, because untreated wood can be refused at the border regardless of what is inside it. This is a standing arrangement with a provider, not a per-shipment decision.

The second point is per-consignment and driven by the destination country's import conditions for that commodity. Once you know the market and the produce, you check whether the import protocol calls for cold treatment in transit, heat or vapour heat treatment before loading, or fumigation of the container or the goods, and at what stage this has to happen: pre-shipment at the packhouse, at the port of loading, or in-transit inside a reefer container running a verified cold chain. This is usually confirmed alongside the phytosanitary certificate requirements with your inspection body, since the certificate frequently records that the treatment happened. Booking the treatment slot early enough matters more than usual, particularly for fumigation, which needs a sealed, gas-tight environment for a fixed exposure period and cannot be compressed to meet a late vessel cut-off.

The service types, and which you need

Fumigation is the application of a gaseous pesticide, most commonly methyl bromide or phosphine, inside a sealed space to kill insects, larvae and eggs. It is used on bulk grain, timber, some dried goods and, separately, on wood packaging material under ISPM 15. Because methyl bromide is an ozone-depleting substance under the Montreal Protocol, its use is restricted in many jurisdictions and increasingly reserved for cases with no viable alternative, so check whether the destination market still accepts it for your commodity.

Cold treatment holds produce at a specified low temperature for a set number of days, either in transit or in a fixed facility, to kill fruit fly and other pests without chemicals. It is the standard requirement in many citrus and stone fruit export protocols and depends on continuous, logged temperature control, so the provider's monitoring and calibration record matters as much as the chamber itself.

Heat treatment and vapour heat treatment raise the produce's core temperature to a target for a set duration, used where cold treatment would damage the fruit or where the destination protocol specifically calls for heat, common with mangoes and some tropical fruit.

Methyl bromide fumigation and ISPM 15 treatment, heat treatment or fumigation of wood, marked with the IPPC stamp, are distinct line items: one treats the goods, the other treats what the goods travel on. Exporters using wooden packaging need the second regardless of what protocol applies to the product itself.

How the work is quoted

Pricing in this category is usually quoted per treatment run rather than as a flat service fee, because cost is driven by the volume being treated and the time the chamber, container or facility is occupied. Fumigation is typically priced per cubic metre or per container, reflecting gas dosage and the exposure period required. Cold and heat treatment are priced per pallet or per container and scale with the duration of the protocol: a longer mandated period at a lower temperature costs more in facility time than a short high-heat run. ISPM 15 treatment of pallets is usually quoted per unit or per batch, with the IPPC stamp and certificate included.

What actually moves the number is the specification, not the provider's base rate: the exact temperature and duration mandated by the destination protocol, whether the treatment happens in a fixed chamber or in-transit inside a monitored reefer container, and whether continuous logging and a compliance certificate are required as a deliverable. Rush bookings close to a vessel cut-off, and treatments that need a dedicated chamber slot rather than sharing a batch run, also add cost.

Paperwork and records

The exporter is responsible for supplying the commodity details, the destination country and the applicable import protocol reference to the provider before the work starts, since the treatment parameters, temperature, duration, gas type and dosage, are set by that protocol, not chosen by the provider. You also need to give the provider the shipment's container or lot identifiers so the treatment record can be matched to the correct consignment.

In return, the provider issues a treatment certificate or record: a fumigation certificate showing gas type, dosage and exposure period, a cold or heat treatment chart showing logged temperature against time, or an ISPM 15 compliance mark and certificate for wood packaging. These records typically need to reach your inspection body before or alongside the phytosanitary certificate application, since many destination markets require the treatment to be referenced on that certificate. Keep the underlying temperature logs, not just the summary certificate: several markets and auditors ask for the raw chart if a consignment is queried on arrival.

What goes wrong

The most common failure is a mismatch between the treatment actually performed and the specific protocol the destination market requires: cold treatment run at the wrong temperature band, or for the wrong number of days, for the pest the importing country regulates in that commodity. Protocols vary by country and sometimes by variety within the same fruit, so a treatment that satisfied one market will not automatically satisfy another. Confirming the exact parameters against the current published protocol before booking, not from memory of a previous shipment, prevents most of this.

Timing is the second failure mode. Fumigation needs a sealed, gas-tight environment for the full exposure period, and in-transit cold treatment needs the full voyage at temperature, so a late booking or a vessel schedule change can leave no time to complete the protocol before arrival. Build the treatment window into your shipping schedule rather than fitting it around the vessel.

Equipment failure matters more here than in most categories: a reefer losing power mid-transit, or a chamber with a faulty sensor, can invalidate an entire run and the certificate with it, which is why checking a provider's logging and calibration records upfront is worth more than trusting their word after the fact.

What to check before choosing

Start with accreditation against the actual protocol you need, not general food safety credentials: for fumigation and ISPM 15 wood treatment, check the provider is registered with the relevant national plant protection organisation or an IPPC-recognised scheme, since only certified fumigators can issue a compliant ISPM 15 mark. For cold and heat treatment, ask whether their facility or in-transit monitoring has been audited against the destination market's specific cold treatment protocol; some markets require pre-approval of the specific facility or vessel route before treatment there counts.

BRC and HACCP certification are relevant where the provider's site handles food product directly, since they demonstrate food safety and hygiene management around the treatment process, but they do not substitute for phytosanitary or fumigation-specific accreditation. GlobalGAP is a growing and packing standard rather than a treatment one, so treat it as context on the supply chain rather than a qualification for this category.

Practically, ask two providers for the same thing: their logging method, paper chart versus continuous digital recording, their turnaround from booking to certificate issuance, and whether they have handled your specific commodity and destination combination before. A provider that can point to recent, comparable work on your protocol is a better indicator than a general accreditation list. Also check who is liable if a treatment run fails to meet spec, and whether that is written into their standard terms.

Where to look next

Coverage in this category tends to concentrate at major export gateways: ports and airports handling high volumes of fresh produce or agricultural bulk, where fixed cold and heat treatment chambers and fumigation facilities are already installed, rather than spread evenly across a country. Inland packhouse regions further from these gateways more often rely on in-transit treatment inside monitored reefer containers, since building a fixed chamber does not make sense for occasional volume.

If you also need the phytosanitary certificate itself, or a pre-shipment quality inspection, look at inspection and certification, since that step is usually sequenced right after treatment. If you are sourcing the pallets or crates that need ISPM 15 marking in the first place, packaging suppliers covers that side. Before booking a cold or heat treatment run, the shelf-life checker is worth running against your commodity and transit time, and ship-check is useful for confirming the transit conditions the treatment protocol assumes.